![]() Governments affect for whom output is produced through their tax and transfer payments. They directly affect what is produced low share of government spending on goods and services in Table 2 reflects the very low level of Japanese spending on defence. Governments spend part of their revenue on particular goods and services as tanks, schools and public safety. 2 compares the role of the government in four countries. Government expenditure, whether on the provision of goods and services (defence, police) or on transfer payments, is chiefly financed by imposing taxes, although some (small) residual component may be financed by government borrowing. ![]() Examples are social security, retirement pensions, unemployment benefits, and, in some countries, food stamps. Transfer payments are payments made to individuals without requiring the vision of any service in return. In addition, governments through budget make transfer payments to some members of society. In every society governments provide such services as national defence, police, public education, firefighting services, and the administration of justice. ![]() Having mentioned the effect of government tax policy on the income attribution, it's necessary to examine in greater detail the role of the Government in society. ![]()
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